5. Income
Upper-middle-income countries are 38% of the world's people and half of its emissions. Low-income countries are 9% of the people and under 1% of the emissions.
The gap opens at both ends, and the largest block is the middle: the upper-middle-income half of emissions is mostly China. High-income countries hold 17% of the people and 37% of the emissions. Low-income countries, around 750 million people, account for 0.6%.
A snapshot of the current flow is not the same question as who put the carbon there. Finding 6 asks that one.
So what. Demand for anything that abates carbon, whether equipment, retrofits or compliance software, sits where the carbon is, and that is not where the people are. The two distributions are different enough to give different answers to "where should we sell this".
Who acts: strategy and market entry. Cost of getting it wrong: a go-to-market plan sized on population, aimed at a segment with almost nothing to abate.